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Posts Tagged ‘history’

Crew Log 177 – The Brotherhood and the Beagle

Jan 28th, 2010
by Herb McCormick.
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Get the flash player here: http://www.adobe.com/flashplayer

Open the above photos in a full-screen slideshow in Flickr

January 27, 2010 – Beagle Channel, Chile
By Herb McCormick

Two-thirds of the way through the classic gangster movie, Goodfellas, the character played by Joe Pesci puts on his best suit and prepares for one of the biggest days of his life; he’s about to become a Made Man. The only problem is, he’d already committed an unforgivable sin, namely, whacking another Made Man. As he opens the door to what he thinks will be a group of his lawless peers, he sees the room is empty and immediately realizes what is about to transpire. “No!” he wails, helplessly. It’s the last word he’ll ever utter.

Two nights ago, the crew of Ocean Watch was whisked away to a somewhat similar, nondescript house on the edge of town. Inside, a group of bandana-clad men wielding machetes awaited our arrival. No, we weren’t joining the mafia, but little did we know, we were on our way to nothing less than an induction ceremony. We were about to become members of a secret, closed, Chilean society. We were about to be welcomed into The Brotherhood of the Coast.

Today, Ocean Watch was again underway, heading westward down the snow-capped mountains that border the famous Beagle Channel. It was a memorable day on multiple fronts, and we’ll get to it in a moment. But first, we need to recap our stay in Puerto Williams, Chile, and our honored entry into The Brotherhood.

To understand Puerto Williams, one must first understand the fractious relationship between the two nations that border the Beagle, Argentina to the north, and Chile to the south. As recently as 1984, the two countries almost came to blows over the endless border dispute that marks the history of Tierra del Fuego, the Patagonian islands that lie just to the south of mainland South America. It was Pope John Paul II himself who mediated the dispute over the sovereignty of a trio of those islands in the early 1980s, the upshot being a document called the Treaty of Peace and Friendship, which narrowly averted war.

Still, Chile remains wary of its next-door neighbor, and the strategically located naval town of Puerto Williams, the world’s southernmost village, accomplishes two purposes: it serves as the base of the Chilean Armada, or Navy, and establishes a municipal presence in the region that is impossible to deny. To underscore that presence, throughout the channels of Southern Chile, the Armada maintains a network of coastal watch-keepers that monitor the presence of all vessels navigating the waters, including yachts and cruising boats. Twice a day, morning and night, vessels like Ocean Watch must report on their whereabouts in the channels (quite a few of which are off-limits to foreign-flagged vessels); failure to do so, by all reports, guarantees a very bad day.

For sailors, especially long-range voyagers, these days Puerto Williams is a crossroads for those about to explore the Chilean channels or take a shot at Cape Horn. An abandoned naval vessel called the Micalvi serves as the clubhouse and watering hole for the international fleet of voyagers passing through, and many of them tie up to the old ship while they’re in town (because of her size, Ocean Watch was assigned a mooring buoy nearby). It’s perhaps fitting that the first people to inhabit the region were the nomadic “canoe Indians” known as the Yaghan’s, the first of which arrived in Patagonia some 6,000 years ago. Alas, the last of the rugged, resilient Yaghan descendents only recently disappeared, but anyone who ventures far in small boats can relate to their spirit and connection to the sea.

Today, the local channel pilots, fishermen and other seamen who live by and work on the ocean can also understand that affinity, and are also vitally connected to the water. In fact, there’s a wide-ranging group of such like-minded souls in South America, and they call themselves the Brotherhood of the Coast.

Aboard Ocean Watch, for the last several weeks Argentine sailor Horacio Rosell has served as a trusted hand and also as our interpreter, and his services on both scores have been invaluable. Upon our arrival in Puerto Williams the other day, as we returned from customs, we found a note in our dinghy. It said, in essence, The Brotherhood would be boarding Ocean Watch for inspection in the next hour or so. We’d been warned.

They arrived on a pilot boat, laden with food and drink, wearing bandanas with the ageless pirate symbol, the skull and crossbones, emblazoned across their foreheads. Apparently, in Uruguay, a member of The Brotherhood had heard our tale and felt we were worthy of attention, and had passed word of our impending arrival to his brethren in Chile. The next day, Horacio informed us that the local chapter of The Brotherhood would be picking us up that evening and taking us to an undisclosed location, the purposes of which remained unclear. At the assigned hour, however, a couple of trucks picked us up and before long we were on the outskirts of Puerto Williams; unlike Joe Pesci, we lived to tell the tale.

We’re not exactly the rah-rah fraternity types on Ocean Watch, but make no mistake about it, we’ve just joined a fraternity. It was a night of speeches, song and camaraderie, of the exchange of gifts and respect. When we were dropped off back at the Micalvi, we too were all done up in bandanas, except our skipper, Mark Schrader, whose peaked hat looked like something out of Master and Commander. He cast a most striking figure! We’ve had more than a few evenings to remember in our journey, at sea and ashore, but none of us will ever forget the one when we were accepted into The Brotherhood.

Then, as newly minted “Brothers,” after a day of waiting in port on Tuesday while winds of 30-40 knots swept Patagonia, today we set out into the Beagle Channel.

It was worth the wait.

We were underway at 0500, with the breeze finally faltering after a long night of huffing and puffing. Your first impression of the Beagle is that you’ve wandered into the Alps, if the Alps were bisected by a 150-nautical mile strait of water that spans a colorful spectrum from deep, roiled blue to milky, glacial green. It’s incredible, but the stuff that completely barrels you over occurs well above sea level.

Heading west from Puerto Williams, the first major landmark is the Argentine city of Ushuaia, a sprawling, incongruous burg that nests on the shoreline as a long, wide shelf of civilization, the last we’ll see in a while. From a geographic point of view, the westward Channel winds past a narrow waterway called the Canal Murray and the Peninsula Dumas, to port, before coming to a bold headland on the eastern flank of Isla Gordon called, appropriately enough, Punta Divide. To the north the Beagle is known as the Brazo Noroeste (Northwest Arm), to the south, the Brazo Sudoeste (Southwest Arm).

Ocean Watch went north. And the scenery really fell off the charts.

The primary feature of the Northwest Arm of the Beagle is the Darwin Cordillera, a jaw-dropping range of nearly 8,000-foot mountains which is chockfull of ventisqueros, or glaciers, like Italia, Espana, and the most famous of them all, the Romanche. The latter come at you relentlessly: blue, blocky, angular, unforgettable.

A writer jotting notes while rolling down the Beagle gets an unparalleled opportunity to exercise his nouns and adjectives. The channel is one long series of columns and spires, peaks and valleys, canyons and forests, fjords and inlets, snow and mist. It is raw and cold and arresting. As hard as you try to describe it, it’s indescribable. But that doesn’t stop you from trying.

High in the summits, fast-moving clouds went skidding sideways in the big westerly air stream. The play of light and shadow was endlessly hypnotizing. Massive blue glaciers, one after the next, each grander than the last one, spilled into the sea. Way, way above, the panorama was a quilt work of patchy blue sky, scudding gray cloud and billowy white cumulus. Piles of vapor foamed over the tall, craggy landscape like a witch’s brew boiling in a cauldron. The contrasts and textures – rock, trees, ice and water – were simply spectacular.

Spider webs of waterfalls, an absolute network of watery veins, glistened in the patches of sunlight, carving deep furrows of rivulets in the steeps. A huge cube of ice calved off a glacier and hit the sea with an enormous splash, just a cannonball of a plunge. Great piles of untracked, virgin snowfields glimmered like diamonds in the sunlight. It was a feast for the eyes, one course after another, and then another still.

As so often happens, my mates, Dave Logan and David Thoreson, had words when words failed me. They kept a running commentary all afternoon, happy and insightful and wondrous at the same time.

“Look at those rock stripes going this way,” said Logan, “and look at those going that way. There’s new snow on the top of a lot of this. I bet the view looking up that little canyon is going to be something.”

And it was.

“Glaciers are mind-bendingly beautiful, aren’t they?” wondered Thoreson. “Check out that big, long hanger. Very cool. I could look at these peaks all day. I think that’s the most outstanding thing I’ve ever seen outside of Antarctica…just that pure, pure white. It’s one of those things that’s so beautiful it doesn’t look real. The scale of it all does something to your brain.”

After fourteen hours underway, some ninety miles down the track, we slid out of the Channel and up a deep fjord called the Seno Pia. There was an unsettling moment when, in a matter of a few minutes, the depths went from a thousand feet to fifteen. But then we were back in deep water, approaching a headland directly in front of us. We hooked a slight right up another, calmer inlet called the East Arm, then tucked behind a low spit into an anchorage called the Caleta Beaulieu. It took a couple of tries to get the anchor down and then we ferried a pair of lines ashore and secured them to a couple of trees.

A trio of glaciers surrounded us. The whole place was spiritual, surreal and sensational. Though Cape Horn is now behind us, for this band of “Beagle brothers,” it seemed like a worthy encore.

- Herb McCormick with photographs by David Thoreson

*This crew log submitted by Iridium OpenPort and Stratos

*To add a comment to this story click on the comment link below the post title. Please direct messages for the crew to crew@aroundtheamericas.org instead of submitting them here. Thanks for following the Around the Americas Expedition.

Two-thirds of the way through the classic gangster movie, Goodfellas, the character played by Joe Pesci puts on his best suit and prepares for one of the biggest days of his life; he’s about to become a Made Man. The only problem is, he’d already committed an unforgivable sin, namely, whacking another Made Man. As he opens the door to what he thinks will be a group of his lawless peers, he sees the room is empty and immediately realizes what is about to transpire. “No!” he wails, helplessly. It’s the last word he’ll ever utter.

Two nights ago, the crew of Ocean Watch was whisked away to a somewhat similar, nondescript house on the edge of town. Inside, a group of bandana-clad men wielding machetes awaited our arrival. No, we weren’t joining the mafia, but little did we know, we were on our way to nothing less than an induction ceremony. We were about to become members of a secret, closed, Chilean society. We were about to be welcomed into The Brotherhood of the Coast.

Today, Ocean Watch was again underway, heading westward down the snow-capped mountains that border the famous Beagle Channel. It was a memorable day on multiple fronts, and we’ll get to it in a moment. But first, we need to recap our stay in Puerto Williams, Chile, and our honored entry into The Brotherhood.

To understand Puerto Williams, one must first understand the fractious relationship between the two nations that border the Beagle, Argentina to the north, and Chile to the south. As recently as 1984, the two countries almost came to blows over the endless border dispute that marks the history of Tierra del Fuego, the Patagonian islands that lie just to the south of mainland South America. It was Pope John Paul II himself who mediated the dispute over the sovereignty of a trio of those islands in the early 1980s, the upshot being a document called the Treaty of Peace and Friendship, which narrowly averted war.

Still, Chile remains wary of its next-door neighbor, and the strategically located naval town of Puerto Williams, the world’s southernmost village, accomplishes two purposes: it serves as the base of the Chilean Armada, or Navy, and establishes a municipal presence in the region that is impossible to deny. To underscore that presence, throughout the channels of Southern Chile, the Armada maintains a network of coastal watch-keepers that monitor the presence of all vessels navigating the waters, including yachts and cruising boats. Twice a day, morning and night, vessels like Ocean Watch must report on their whereabouts in the channels (quite a few of which are off-limits to foreign-flagged vessels); failure to do so, by all reports, guarantees a very bad day.

For sailors, especially long-range voyagers, these days Puerto Williams is a crossroads for those about to explore the Chilean channels or take a shot at Cape Horn. An abandoned naval vessel called the Micalvi serves as the clubhouse and watering hole for the international fleet of voyagers passing through, and many of them tie up to the old ship while they’re in town (because of her size, Ocean Watch was assigned a mooring buoy nearby). It’s perhaps fitting that the first people to inhabit the region were the nomadic “canoe Indians” known as the Yaghan’s, the first of which arrived in Patagonia some 6,000 years ago. Alas, the last of the rugged, resilient Yaghan descendents only recently disappeared, but anyone who ventures far in small boats can relate to their spirit and connection to the sea.

Today, the local channel pilots, fishermen and other seamen who live by and work on the ocean can also understand that affinity, and are also vitally connected to the water. In fact, there’s a wide-ranging group of such like-minded souls in South America, and they call themselves the Brotherhood of the Coast.

Aboard Ocean Watch, for the last several weeks Argentine sailor Horacio Rosell has served as a trusted hand and also as our interpreter, and his services on both scores have been invaluable. Upon our arrival in Puerto Williams the other day, as we returned from customs, we found a note in our dinghy. It said, in essence, The Brotherhood would be boarding Ocean Watch for inspection in the next hour or so. We’d been warned.

They arrived on a pilot boat, laden with food and drink, wearing bandanas with the ageless pirate symbol, the skull and crossbones, emblazoned across their foreheads. Apparently, in Uruguay, a member of The Brotherhood had heard our tale and felt we were worthy of attention, and had passed word of our impending arrival to his brethren in Chile. The next day, Horacio informed us that the local chapter of The Brotherhood would be picking us up that evening and taking us to an undisclosed location, the purposes of which remained unclear. At the assigned hour, however, a couple of trucks picked us up and before long we were on the outskirts of Puerto Williams; unlike Joe Pesci, we lived to tell the tale.

We’re not exactly the rah-rah fraternity types on Ocean Watch, but make no mistake about it, we’ve just joined a fraternity. It was a night of speeches, song and camaraderie, of the exchange of gifts and respect. When we were dropped off back at the Micalvi, we too were all done up in bandanas, except our skipper, Mark Schrader, whose peaked hat looked like something out of Master and Commander. He cast a most striking figure! We’ve had more than a few evenings to remember in our journey, at sea and ashore, but none of us will ever forget the one when we were accepted into The Brotherhood.

Then, as newly minted “Brothers,” after a day of waiting in port on Tuesday while winds of 30-40 knots swept Patagonia, today we set out into the Beagle Channel.

It was worth the wait.

We were underway at 0500, with the breeze finally faltering after a long night of huffing and puffing. Your first impression of the Beagle is that you’ve wandered into the Alps, if the Alps were bisected by a 150-nautical mile strait of water that spans a colorful spectrum from deep, roiled blue to milky, glacial green. It’s incredible, but the stuff that completely barrels you over occurs well above sea level.

Heading west from Puerto Williams, the first major landmark is the Argentine city of Ushuaia, a sprawling, incongruous burg that nests on the shoreline as a long, wide shelf of civilization, the last we’ll see in a while. From a geographic point of view, the westward Channel winds past a narrow waterway called the Canal Murray and the Peninsula Dumas, to port, before coming to a bold headland on the eastern flank of Isla Gordon called, appropriately enough, Punta Divide. To the north the Beagle is known as the Brazo Noroeste (Northwest Arm), to the south, the Brazo Sudoeste (Southwest Arm).

Ocean Watch went north. And the scenery really fell off the charts.

The primary feature of the Northwest Arm of the Beagle is the Darwin Cordillera, a jaw-dropping range of nearly 8,000-foot mountains which is chockfull of ventisqueros, or glaciers, like Italia, Espana, and the most famous of them all, the Romanche. The latter come at you relentlessly: blue, blocky, angular, unforgettable.

A writer jotting notes while rolling down the Beagle gets an unparalleled opportunity to exercise his nouns and adjectives. The channel is one long series of columns and spires, peaks and valleys, canyons and forests, fjords and inlets, snow and mist. It is raw and cold and arresting. As hard as you try to describe it, it’s indescribable. But that doesn’t stop you from trying.

High in the summits, fast-moving clouds went skidding sideways in the big westerly air stream. The play of light and shadow was endlessly hypnotizing. Massive blue glaciers, one after the next, each grander than the last one, spilled into the sea. Way, way above, the panorama was a quilt work of patchy blue sky, scudding gray cloud and billowy white cumulus. Piles of vapor foamed over the tall, craggy landscape like a witch’s brew boiling in a cauldron. The contrasts and textures – rock, trees, ice and water – were simply spectacular.

Spider webs of waterfalls, an absolute network of watery veins, glistened in the patches of sunlight, carving deep furrows of rivulets in the steeps. A huge cube of ice calved off a glacier and hit the sea with an enormous splash, just a cannonball of a plunge. Great piles of untracked, virgin snowfields glimmered like diamonds in the sunlight. It was a feast for the eyes, one course after another, and then another still.

As so often happens, my mates, Dave Logan and David Thoreson, had words when words failed me. They kept a running commentary all afternoon, happy and insightful and wondrous at the same time.

“Look at those rock stripes going this way,” said Logan, “and look at those going that way. There’s new snow on the top of a lot of this. I bet the view looking up that little canyon is going to be something.”

And it was.

“Glaciers are mind-bendingly beautiful, aren’t they?” wondered Thoreson. “Check out that big, long hanger. Very cool. I could look at these peaks all day. I think that’s the most outstanding thing I’ve ever seen outside of Antarctica…just that pure, pure white. It’s one of those things that’s so beautiful it doesn’t look real. The scale of it all does something to your brain.”

After fourteen hours underway, some ninety miles down the track, we slid out of the Channel and up a deep fjord called the Seno Pia. There was an unsettling moment when, in a matter of a few minutes, the depths went from a thousand feet to fifteen. But then we were back in deep water, approaching a headland directly in front of us. We hooked a slight right up another, calmer inlet called the East Arm, then tucked behind a low spit into an anchorage called the Caleta Beaulieu. It took a couple of tries to get the anchor down and then we ferried a pair of lines ashore and secured them to a couple of trees.

A trio of glaciers surrounded us. The whole place was spiritual, surreal and sensational. Though Cape Horn is now behind us, for this band of “Beagle brothers,” it seemed like a worthy encore.

Crew Log 173 – Open Window to the Horn

Jan 23rd, 2010
by Herb McCormick.
3 comments
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Open the above photos in a full-screen slideshow in Flickr

January 22, 2010 – Isla Herschel, Chile
By Herb McCormick

Herb's Headshot

It is a place of maritime lore and legend, celebrated in verse and song. The dot on the exclamation point that is South America, it’s the southernmost speck of land associated with the continent, an island unto itself at the southern terminus of the fabled Tierra del Fuego archipelago: South, south, south. It’s been called the Mt. Everest of Sailing, and the list of sailors who’ve sailed long and hard to gaze upon it’s angular edifice is storied and select, and includes such names as Sir Francis Drake, Charles Darwin, Joshua Slocum, Vito Dumas, Bernard Moitessier, Robin Knox-Johnston, and yes, Mark Schrader. It’s the speck on the chart of the vast Southern Ocean at 55º 58’ 47”S by 067º 16’ 18”W, on a hardscrabble slab of rock called Isla Hornes in the Hermite Islands group. It is the one-and-only, the legendary Cape Horn.

And today, Ocean Watch set sail for it.

Just one day after arriving in Puerto Williams, Chile, following an eventful passage from the Falkland Islands – and with two new crewmembers joining the team, Sailors for the Sea founder David Rockefeller, Jr. and fellow co-founder/SFS boardmember David Treadway – the 64-foot cutter set forth on one of the most significant legs of the entire expedition Around the Americas, namely, the rounding of Cape Horn. The crew had arrived with plans to wait for an ideal weather window, but as it turned out, it was a brief pause. David Thoreson is our onboard meteorologist and had been tracking the weather for more than a week. Here’s what he saw:

“As Ocean Watch arrived in Puerto Williams, there appeared to be two small weather windows existing to head south to Cape Horn in northwesterly gales. This has been apparent now for the last few days but the problem then becomes, ‘What next?’

“This question develops because of the tremendous west to east directional air flow and this week is no exception with gales forecasted for four of the six days. Using the gale from the WNW to leave Puerto Williams and head south to an anchorage close to the Isla de la Hornos positions us close enough to then take advantage of a directional change or decrease in pressure.

“Tomorrow afternoon (Saturday) brings a forecasted wind of WNW 10-15 knots on both the east and west sides of the Horn. This is the weather window to take our shot before the south and westerly gales kick right back in overnight.”

In other words, the window was open.

Augustine “Doonie” Edwards and John Kenyon, the skipper and captain, respectively, of the grand, 80-foot ketch, Gloriana, seconded David T’s take on the situation. Doonie, a longtime friend of DR’s, and his sailing master, John, have been plying these waters aboard the Chilean-flagged Swan for decades, and when they confirmed that the window was open, skipper Mark Schrader decided that the time to sail for the Horn was now.

The evening before, on Thursday night, was a big one on Ocean Watch, as we were boarded by a gang of bandanna-clad Chilean pirates known as the Brotherhood of the Coast. Our brothers in the sea were armed with food and drink, and after a merry old time of it, we repaired to Gloriana for a sumptuous dinner. Gloriana, also bound for Cape Horn, set out early this morning, and Ocean Watch followed about an hour later.

We were chasing history.

The first European sailors to lay eyes on the Horn may well have been Drake and his crew. In the fall of 1578, in the course of his epic circumnavigation, Drake sailed through the Strait of Magellan and into the Pacific Ocean. Before he got very far, a vicious northerly filled in and Drake was blown southwards, towards Antarctica. South of Tierra del Fuego, he realized that the archipelago was not another continent, the belief at the time, but a group of islands – including Isla Hornos – bordering an open sea. That open expanse of water between the Horn and Antarctica is today known as Drake Passage, an enduring epitaph for his troubles.

It was almost forty years later, in January of 1616, that the Dutch merchant mariner Willem Schouten set out for the South Atlantic in search of a new route to the Far East. Schouten commanded two ships, the Eendracht and the Hoorn, the latter of which was named for the town from which the voyage began, and which was shipwrecked en route. Eendracht carried forth by herself, and in late January, almost 394 years to the day to the arrival of Ocean Watch, Schouten found what he’d been looking for. This excerpt from the ship’s log tells the story:

“In the evening 25 January 1616 the winde was South West, and that night wee went South with great waves or billowes out of the southwest, and very blew water, whereby wee judged, and held for certaine that…it was the great South Sea, whereat we were exceeding glad to thinke that wee had discovered a way, which until that time, was unknowne to men, as afterward wee found it to be true.

“On 29 January 1616 we saw land againe lying north west and north northwest from us, which was the land that lay South from the straights of Magelan which reacheth Southward, all high hillie lande covered over with snow, ending with a sharpe point which wee called Kaap Hoorn (Cape Horn)…”

For scores of years afterwards, especially through the Great Age of Sail from the 1700s to the early 1900s, Cape Horn was a significant waypoint on the well-traveled clipper routes, for the grand square-riggers that carried much of the world’s trade. The hard men who drove those ships were called Cape Horners, and the last thing they needed to know how to do was swim. For if they went overboard, especially in the gargantuan seas and relentless westerly winds that spin unimpeded around the bottom of the globe, no one was going to risk their own lives turning around to get them.

The first “yachtsman” to sail these waters was the crusty solo sailor Joshua Slocum, who was the first man to sail around the world alone and visited Tierra del Fuego – where he famously scattered carpet tacks across his deck to dissuade the natives from boarding – in 1895. But it’s unclear if Slocum actually rounded Cape Horn.

There is no doubt, however, about Conor O’Brien, who successfully negotiated Cape Horn aboard his 42-foot Saoirse in the early 1920s. The great Argentine navigator, Vito Dumas, was the first man to sail around the world alone via the Horn, in 1942; British legend Robin Knox-Johnston was the first to accomplish the feat without stopping when he won the deadly Golden Globe Race in the late 1960s. No one ever did a better job of romanticizing the place than Frenchman Bernard Moitissier, who rounded it twice and wrote a pair of books about the experience that inspired generations of young French adventurers to follow in his seaboots. Our own Mark Schrader was the first American to circle the planet via the five great southern capes – including you know which – in 1982.

Today, he had plenty of company: a crew of eight, our biggest since leaving Seattle last May.

When we dropped our mooring off Puerto Williams, after clearing customs and registering our itinerary with the Chilean Armada, the plan was to sail roughly ninety miles south to a small island just north of Isla Hornos called Isla Herschel. On the northwest flank of Herschel, off an enclosed body of water called Bahia Arquistade, is a protected anchorage called Caleta Martial.

There was good breeze pumping down the narrow Beagle Channel, the boundaries of which were lined by a string of rolling mountains whose caps were patched with snow. DR said the Channel and the peaks reminded him of Juneau, Alaska, and he was right. It was windy, perhaps 25-knots, but out of the right direction, funneling over Ocean Watch’s transom. But it was about to get windier.

Isla Navarino is the major island in this section of the archipelago, and before too long

Ocean Watch slid inside Isla Picton and through a pair of passes, Paso Picton and Paso Goree. By now the breeze was starting to pump into the mid-30s, with gusts to 40-knots. Sailing under staysail alone, Ocean Watch was making good progress, but soon even the tiny headsail was too much, and the skipper called for a change down to the storm staysail. Dolphins frolicked in the bow wave, albatrosses spun and twirled, and groups of Magellanic penguins popped up alongside to pay their respects.

But it was about to get windier still.

Out from the lee of Navarino and into the expansive bay called Bahia Nassau, the breeze really started to pipe, locked into the high 30s with gusts well above 40-knots. Ocean Watch plowed through wave after wave and and gray water continuously swept her decks, but she’s proven to us time and again in our travels that she revels in such conditions, and every time she was drenched in a torrent of ocean, she just shook herself off and kept right on going.

It was wet and wild, but appropriate, too. Sailing to Cape Horn isn’t supposed to be easy.

But then it got more difficult.

As we neared the islands they appeared out of the mist and rain, as one small weather cell after another raked the seas…and, of course, Ocean Watch. Powerful puffs of wind screamed down the faces of the jagged islands – williwaws – whipping the water into a marbled, streaky, frothy tempest, and sometimes even spinning up small, isolated, funnels, just to keep things interesting. Between breaks in the squalls, low rainbows cascaded along the horizon, disappearing when the rain made its encore. It was now gusting into the 50s, perhaps even the 60s, certainly the most wind we’ve seen in 18,000 miles of sailing. Now it was too much for even the storm staysail. Down it came, with water cascading over the foredeck.

Then, finally, we slipped into Bahia Arquistada, and there just ahead, was Gloriana, riding on two anchors, still and steady, pretty as a picture.

There was an empty Navy mooring nearby and Dave Logan skillfully nestled Ocean Watch alongside it so we could run a pair of thick lines through the pad eye. Suddenly it was over: shelter from the storm. Cape Horn was less than ten miles south.

Cape Horn.

In his excellent book, Rounding the Horn, writer Dallas Murphy captured something of the sense of what we’re feeling today aboard Ocean Watch:

“All mariners since Magellan have recognized that when their bows crossed the Fortieth Parallel, they were entering an ocean entirely different from all the rest,” writes Murphy. “Everything was exaggerated, accelerated in the ‘Roaring Forties’ and the ‘Screaming Fifties.’ Big wind came on harder, faster, than any other oceans…

“Even the look of the Southern Ocean was different from the rest, gray, grim, death colors. But there were also those explosions of light when for a time, the low murk parted and shafts of splendid brightness shone on the white crests like a hint of hope, and sometimes multiple rainbows arced across the horizon, intersecting. The fatigue, pain and danger were all magnified, but so, too, was the magnificence of this ocean, its wildness. With each degree of south latitude, through the forties into the fifties, down to the Horn at nearly 56 South and beyond, the conditions inevitably worsened. Cape Horn sailors had a saying for it:

“Below 40 South there is no law,

“Below 50 South, there is no god.”

This afternoon, however, tucked behind an island at the end of the planet and at the doorstep of Cape Horn, there was Ocean Watch.

- Herb McCormick with photographs by David Thoreson

*This crew log submitted by Iridium OpenPort and Stratos

*To add a comment to this story click on the comment link below the post title. Please direct personal messages for the crew to crew@aroundtheamericas.org instead of submitting them here. Thanks for following the Around the Americas Expedition.

Crew Log 172 – In Darwin’s Wake

Jan 21st, 2010
by Herb McCormick.
1 comment
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Open the above photos in a full-screen slideshow in Flickr

January 21, 2010 – Puerto Williams, Chile
By Herb McCormick

Herb's Headshot

Deep in the far, remote, southern reaches of the vast continent of South America is a winding, snakelike, 150-nautical mile waterway that links the Atlantic Ocean, to the east, with the Pacific Ocean, to the west. The so-called Beagle Channel was named after the HMS Beagle during its first hydrographic survey of the coasts and islands of Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego from 1826 to 1830.

It was the Beagle’s second voyage, however, that etched its name into the annals of history, science and exploration. For it was on this return journey that Captain Robert FitzRoy employed the services of a “gentleman’s companion” and amateur naturalist called Charles Darwin, whose meticulous eye and careful observations of the natural world around him bore the foundation of his considered thoughts on natural selection and the theory of evolution, ideas and pronouncements that literally changed the world.

Plus, without Darwin, we wouldn’t have the Darwin Awards, the annual, ironic celebration of fate, folly and the tenuousness of existence.

On the 29th of January in 1833, Darwin himself sailed into the Beagle Channel for the very first time and in his own brand of shorthand jotted this in his field notebook: “Many glaciers beryl blue most beautiful contrasted with snow.”

And today, on the 21st of January some 177 years later, skipper Mark Schrader and his ward of “gentleman’s companions” aboard Ocean Watch followed Darwin into the Beagle for the first time on this journey Around the Americas. If Darwin were with us, this is what he might’ve penned: “Snow-capped mountains birds a-flutter as lovely a day as you’ll see.”

Our own ongoing voyage of discovery recommenced today at precisely 0500 when the Ocean Watch crew left their mooring in the sheltered waters of Bahia Aguirre, Argentina, in the lee of Patagonia and resumed a westward course. After a journey of just over three days from the Falkland Islands – including yesterday’s transit of the Strait of Le Maire and a return landfall to South America – the skipper called for an overnight stop before continuing on for the final 60-miles to the next scheduled port-of-call in Puerto Williams, Chile.

Puerto Williams, to the south of the Beagle Channel, and Ushuaia, Argentina, to the north, are two of the world’s southernmost settlements; in fact, the lighthouse marking the entrance to Ushuaia has been dubbed “the end of the world.” For Ocean Watch, however, Puerto Williams will serve not as the conclusion to anything, but as the staging area and launching pad for our imminent “summit” of Cape Horn.

Last night’s sunset in Bahia Aguirre was a microcosm of the day that proceeded it: In the space of a couple of hours, we experienced rain, wind, calms, more rain, sunshine, a rainbow, and finally, a series of astounding cloud formations as changeable and hypnotizing in their own way as the Northern Lights. When it comes to arresting, jaw-dropping atmospherics, you can’t beat Patagonia.

The visual treats continued all day long, starting with the leaping dolphins that accompanied us out of the bay, moving on to the blazing sunrise a short while later, continuing on with the flock of cormorants that signaled our entrance to the Beagle a few miles down the track, and punctuated by the snowy mountaintops and stark, unforgiving terrain as we slid down the channel’s well-defined corridor en route to Puerto Williams.

Once in the Beagle – actually, from here to the Horn, and onward to Chile through the famed Chilean channels – the movements of small boats like Ocean Watch are closely monitored by the Chilean Armada, or Navy, who tend to the many navigation markers and lights, and man small coastwise lookout stations at strategic locations all along the coast. We were hailed on the VHF-radio several times today and are lucky that our current crew complement continues to enjoy the presence of Argentine native Horacio Rosell, who has handled communications flawlessly in his native tongue. Horacio reports that one reason for the multiple calls is to keep us abreast of swimmers in the Channel, hearty souls braving the 50º waters. In any event, by day’s end, Ocean Watch’s presence in the vicinity had been firmly established.

As the afternoon progressed, a solid westerly breeze just this side of 30-knots filled in, sending spray flying and offering a preview of coming attractions. But it faltered in the final miles and when we sailed into Puerto Williams, we were well and truly out of the westerly blow.

Big westerly breezes, of course, are the prevailing winds in this part of the world, and the next order of business and number-one priority will be watching the weather carefully for a window to round Cape Horn, one of the last places on the planet one wants to visit in a staunch westerly gale. Yes, we may be sailing in Darwin’s wake, but we’re certainly not seeking one of his awards.

- Herb McCormick with photographs by David Thoreson

*This crew log submitted by Iridium OpenPort and Stratos

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Crew Log 171 – Getting Strait

Jan 20th, 2010
by Herb McCormick.
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January 20, 2010 – Bahia Aguirre, Argentina
By Herb McCormick

Herb's Headshot

At 0300 today, 3 a.m. in the morning, the first purplish hint of dawn was visible to the southeast, and the looming, inaugural presence of Isla de los Estados – Staten Island – was cloaked in shadowy mist to the northwest. Here and there: light and land. For the crew of Ocean Watch, it was the start of a long day, and an important one. It was the day we’d cross under the Strait of Le Maire, enter the Beagle Channel, and begin the task of negotiating what had been one of the express goals of the Around the Americas expedition – one of the primary points of the entire exercise – since leaving Seattle last May. Namely, it was the real, honest-to-goodness start to a rounding of Cape Horn.

But first we had to “get strait.” In other words, we needed to get beyond the short, narrow, and potentially highly hostile Strait of Le Maire, the 16-nautical mile entranceway to the wonders of Tierra del Fuego and beyond.

Isla de los Estados, or Staten Island, was given its name by the Dutch merchant mariner Willem Schouten, master of a ship called Eeendracht, in 1616, who named the isle and the surrounding territory Her Staten Land (literally: the Land of their Lords) after his sovereign patrons and benefactors. (One can assume the New York City borough that shares the title was tagged for similar reasons.) Likewise, the Strait of Le Maire was named for another backer of the same expedition, ship owner Isaac Le Maire. Schouten will also go down in history as the man who gave Cape Horn its handle: the Hoorn was one of the ships in his armada, and was also the name of the town from which he’d departed eight months before.

But Cape Horn is still on the figurative horizon, whereas Staten Island was right there off the bow.

We’d made pretty fair time on the trip from East Falkland Island to the eastern flank of Staten, but that was about to end. By 0430, we were pounding dead upwind in a sneaky westerly of 30-knots; bucking a foul current of a half-knot or more; and making just over three knots through the water and two-something over the ground. We passed beneath a big, dark cloud and the breeze eased somewhat, but the numbers still weren’t famous – 4’s and 5’s through the water, 3’s and 4’s on velocity made good (VMG).

Yes, it was the beginning of a very long day.

Skipper Mark Schrader and mate Dave Logan had concocted a plan to hug the southern shore of Staten, relatively speaking, as opposed to sailing around the more exposed northern shoreline. The immediate upshot was that we got a good, close look at the 33-mile long island in the emerging morning light.

“Craggy,” said Logan. I was thinking more along the lines of “saw-toothed,” but you get the idea. By whatever description, there was a good bit more elevation compared to our most recent visuals at East Falkland; on the chart, we identified a peak of some 2,500 feet, but it had yet to peek out from the clouds. In any event, compared to Stanley, we were now in the Himalayas. The bad news was, we weren’t making much headway towards the Strait (which, technically speaking, we weren’t sailing “through,” but just to its south). The good news was, at least we had something to check out, even if the view wasn’t changing very fast.

Still, looking at the bright side, it was getting brighter out. I mentioned to Logan that pounding to weather in 30 knots in sunshine is better than pounding to weather in 30 knots in rain.

He answered, rather obliquely, “We’re making 3.3 knots against 2.5 knots of current.” Well, yes; anyway, so much for optimism.

Whatever one’s outlook, sunrise was rather spectacular. The reflected light on the jagged mountains cast a rosy hue across their peaks, some of which were flecked with patches of snow. Our latest crewmember is Sailors for the Sea boardmember Ned Cabot, who has sailed his own yacht, a J/46 called Cielita, across the Atlantic and into the high latitudes. Staten Island reminded him of certain ranges in Western Newfoundland, also around the 50th parallel, in the Northern Hemisphere summer.

“If it wasn’t for the fact we weren’t moving, I’d think this was kind of pretty,” he said. “I think I’ll go get my camera to cheer me up.”

Yesterday, while poring over the charts, Mark had looked at our next port of call in Puerto Williams, Chile, and said, “We’ve got a very interesting 150 miles ahead.” We were now just over halfway there. Extremely short, steep, breaking waves were foaming all around Ocean Watch. The deck was awash, awesome sheets of spray were flying over the boat, and solid walls of water were crashing into the windshield of the hard dodger. The motion down below was horrendous. At 0600, at the change of watch, I fell into my pitching bunk, thinking it must be what it feels like to go over Niagara Falls in a barrel. It was all so interesting, in fact, that I was reminded of that old Chinese proverb: “May you live in interesting times.” I’ve been told it’s actually a curse, not a blessing.

Interesting.

Three hours later, I blinked awake after my longest snooze since leaving the Falklands. Sometimes on a passage you need a watch change to change the energy. But there was more than a psychic change here: It was calm.

David Thoreson was at the nav station studying the computer, and summed up the situation succinctly: “No wind. But it’s coming.” He pointed at the Strait. “Right here. Right about the time we get there.”

On another screen he’d called up the forecast from www.buoyweather.com. At that precise moment, the prediction was spot on: “Light winds with a slight chop. Small short-period waves. Winds: NNW 9 to 12 knots. Seas: WNW 4 feet @ 6 seconds.”

It was the afternoon report that was troublesome: “Gale warning with dangerous seas. Small craft advisory. Use extreme caution. Moderate short-period wind waves. Winds: NNW 27 to 36 knots. Seas: NNW 6 feet @ 5 seconds.”

In the still conditions, Staten was an arresting visage; tiny penguins of a variety we hadn’t seen before bobbed in and out of the water, while our new friends, the albatrosses, were everywhere in sight. David correctly noted that it looked like a wild place to explore. “The climbing and hiking would be pretty rugged,” he said. “First ascents. Big walls. But how do you get there?” The safe anchorages that do exist, we knew, were on the northern side of Staten, nowhere in sight.

David explained that while I was sleeping they’d cut inside a trio of rocky outcroppings right at the moment our ever-reliable Lugger diesel showed slight signs of overheating. They’d shut it down and sailed out of trouble while Logan worked his magic and got it purring once again. All was well: we’d just lost some valuable time.

“We were hoping we’d be across by now,” said David. “We were one oomph short.”

Back on deck, the sky to the west was beginning to look bleak. The barometer was falling, now registering a low 991 millibars. But we could see the end of west Staten Island – it looked like a mini Cape Horn – and a gray promontory farther beyond.

“There’s the other side,” said David. “The Beagle Channel. Tierra del Fuego. Let’s get there.”

By 1115, with breath bated, we were clear of Staten Island and finally getting into the Strait.

Once out of the lee of Staten, we unrolled the jib and stuck our toe in. The wind was building but from a good direction, to the north of west, permitting a fast reach. About a third of the way across, the breeze had risen into the mid-20s and we were careening along at a somewhat frantic 10-knots, so we rolled up the genoa in what was now a cold rain and replaced it with the staysail. We were, as we’re wont to say here on Ocean Watch, hauling the mail.

For most of the trip across the Strait, a big cell of precipitation that hovered right over us followed our track. On the radar screen, it was bright yellow and symmetrical, and looked exactly like the cover of an old Iron Butterfly album. Inna-gada-davida, baby.

Meanwhile, the land to the west – South America! – loomed larger and larger. “An hour and ten minutes to go,” said Logan. “Fifty minutes to the forecast gale,” said Ned. “If we make it out of here in this…” said the skipper, letting the thought dangle for a moment, and then, “…I’ll be quite pleased.”

An hour later, I was down in the cabin with Mark when David’s head appeared in the companionway. “A couple of shots of breeze rolling down the coast,” he said. “Just an FYI.”

Seconds later, the boat lurched on its side and I had to grab my computer before it flew off the table. “Third reef!” called David.

Down went the staysail, in went the third reef in the main. On deck, the breeze was now in the mid-30s, the air was cold and wet. The well-known Patagonian williwaws, powerful gusts of wind that rocket down the face of the steep mountains were coursing down the channel just as we tucked out of the Strait of Le Maire and into the shadow of the peninsula. We’d just sailed south of 55º S. “One way or the other, we were going to get our gale,” said David.

The last hour, naturally, was the wildest. A Force 9 gale came pummeling down the channel, blowing the tops of waves sideways in estimated gusts of 50-knots, the most breeze we’d seen in seven months and 18,000 miles of sailing. We yanked down the main and made for a deep cove recommended by seasoned Patagonia cruisers David and Candy Masters, who we met in the Falklands. In the small-world department, the Masters had sailed their purposeful 46-ketch, Endeavor, all the way from – where else? – Seattle.

We had one last bit of drama when the engine again sputtered and coughed, but the skipper and mate changed the fuel filter on the fly and Ocean Watch was again a seriously going concern. At the end of the day, literally, the sun broke through, revealing a vast, arresting landscape of hills and estancias, as we motored into the bay, escorted by a quartet of dolphins. Sweet.

For every one of the four permanent crew on the boat – Mark, Dave, David and I – we were returning to a place where he had some personal history, a place we weren’t sure we’d ever see again. David T summed up it up for all of us: “This is big. I appreciate it more now that I’m older. I’m not so naïve.”

I was hankering for some old Mark Knopfler, some old Dire Straits. It was time for a brief celebration, and it seemed appropriate. On a long, strange, wonderful day, we’d gotten past the dire Straits of Le Maire.

- Herb McCormick with photographs by David Thoreson

This crew log submitted by Iridium OpenPort and Stratos

Crew Log 169 – Pleasant Interlude

Jan 18th, 2010
by Herb McCormick.
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January 18, 2010 – At Sea, 52º 00’S, 058º 04’W
By Herb McCormick

Herb's HeadshotOn Sunday, after a week-long stay in the fine and friendly town of Stanley, on East Falkland island, the crew of Ocean Watch sailed out through the Narrows at the mouth of Stanley Harbor, hung a couple of hard rights, and set a course for the protected waters of Port Pleasant. A few hours later, we motored out of the protected waters and into Port Pleasant proper.

Pleasant Island was abeam, just north of Pleasant Point, which of course is the headland marking the little anchorage of Pleasant Roads. Unfortunately, though we have several iPods on the boat, no one had a recording of The Monkey’s old hit, Pleasant Valley Sunday. But not to worry: the day ended with one of the more spectacular sunsets we’ve seen on our journey (not to mention the first one we’d witnessed in the wild, wooly and windswept Falklands), and the night that followed was crisp and clear, with a sensational view of the Southern Cross (also missing in action since arriving in the archipelago) and more than a couple of shooting stars.

Things couldn’t have been more pleasant.

Today, we’re once again underway, this time for the 360-nautical mile push to the famed Patagonian waters of the Beagle Channel, and the town of Puerto Williams nestled along its shores. The Chilean port will serve as the staging area while the crew prepares for the highly anticipated leg around Cape Horn.

It would’ve been, well, pleasant to spend a few days kicking around the western islands of the starkly beautiful Falklands, but in this part of the world, when a weather window opens, it’s highly imprudent not to take advantage of it. So this morning, skipper Mark Schrader checked the forecast and saw favorable winds from the west-northwest scheduled for much of this week, and made the call to weigh anchor and get underway. By mid-afternoon, Ocean Watch had crossed the 52nd parallel and was again on course for a return to South America.

Before setting forth, however, we dropped the dinghy in the water for a quick look around, and mate Dave Logan and I launched our Little Wing carbon-fiber kayaks for a quiet paddle to the small cluster of buildings known as Fitzroy Settlement in the still morning waters.

Our overnight anchorage, eerily, and sadly, had been the scene of some truly unpleasant moments in the not-so-distant past. “It was in Fitzroy Creek,” writes Ewen Southby-Tailyour in his excellent cruising guide, Falkland Island Shores, “that the two Royal Fleet Auxiliary ships the Sir Galahad and the Sir Tristam were anchored on the morning of 8 June 1982 when they were hit by Argentinian aircraft, with the worst single casualty list of the whole campaign. The ships were anchored west of Pleasant Island and due south of the settlement.”

So was Ocean Watch.

We’d seen what appeared to be a small graveyard and the unmistakable war memorial upon arriving in the port. As we set forth in the kayaks, we would’ve been interested to find out more about the place, but there was no one to ask. As we approached the long dock adjacent to the settlement, it began to drizzle, which cast a slight pall on the proceedings. Even more unsettling was the pair of fat turkey vultures eyeing us closely as we paddled under the dock and into a shallow cove. Up on a hill, a closed-pen of dogs began barking wildly. Otherwise, the place looked deserted.

“Spooky,” I said to Logan. It felt like we’d slipped onto the set for a waterborne sequel to The Blair Witch Project.

But that was the last bit of unpleasantness.

Along the shore, Dave spotted a lone king penguin, but that was just the beginning of the fine, feathered friends (hanging out with Logan, I sometimes imagine, must’ve been like kicking back with James Audubon). After paddling out of the cove and up into the shallows of the creek, he pointed out one bird after another: a kelp goose, a couple of pair of steamer ducks, a pair of speckled teals, a variable hawk, and an imperial shag (also known as a cormorant).

There were even a few fish about. “I should’ve brought my fly rod,” he said. “It would’ve been nice to have a single cast in the Falklands.”

But the time for dawdling was over.

Once we’d hauled the anchor and were again underway, we had one more set of visitors, quite likely the same ones who’d greeted us upon our arrival. The small school of what were probably Peale’s dolphins were playful, fetching and energetic, and bid us a Falklands farewell with style and flair. Our days in the islands were a most pleasant interlude in the voyage Around the Americas. But now it’s time to head for Cape Horn.

- Herb McCormick with photographs by David Thoreson

This crew log submitted by Iridium OpenPort and Stratos

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